December 27, 2012



Nepal occupies the central part of the Himalayan arc (2,400 km), the highest mountain range in the world that lies in south-East-Asia. The Himalaya ‘the Abode of snow’ in Sanskrit, is a vivid record of the most dramatic and visible creations of tectonic forces in modern times. As the strong Indian continental self-sub ducts beneath the relatively weak Tibetan highest peaks in the world. Eight of the fourteen eight thousanders are located in Nepal.


Mount Everest

Mt. Everest (8,848 m), the highest mountain peak in the world stands as a natural ‘boundary pillar’ on the border between the Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal and Tibet in China. The surroundings extended into the Sagarmatha National Park of Nepal to the South and the Qomolungma Nature Preserve of Tibet (China) to the world.
Mt. Everest (8,848 m) 
The Peak is popularly known by its three names. The official Nepali name Sagarmatha (meaning a forehead reaching to the sky), was given by the Nepalese government in the early 1960s. The Tibetan name, chomolongma or Qomolungma (mother goddess), has been widely known as the local community for centuries. The English name Everest was dedicated by the Royal Geographical Society of London in in 1913 in honor of the former surveyor General of India, George Everest (1887-1900).
In March 1856, the peak was declared as the highest on the earth following several years of field surveys and calculations. It has been a source of adventures, mountaineers, explorers, trekkers and nature lovers ever since it has been identified as the highest peak.
The first successful ascent of the peak was made by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa on May 29, 1953. By 2007, there had been 3,679 ascents to summit by 2,436 individuals with 210 casualties.
Mt. Everest Peak 
The Khumbu region where Everest lie is considered to be the most rugged landscape on earth. It is said that the peak along with the entire Himalayan range is raising 4mm. per year due to the plate tectonics. It surroundings includes glacier, ice falls, lakes, rivers, cliffs and gorges.
For its stunning topography including the other eight thousanders, the Sagarmatha National Park has been inscribed in UNESCO’s list of the world heritage.
Mountain flights operating from Kathmandu are very popular among visitors for aerial views of the world’s highest peaks. A continent means of reaching the Khumbu region is to take a 25 minutes flight from Kathmandu to Lukla airport.

Kanchenjunga

Kanchenjunga (8,586 m.), the third highest mountain peak in the world lie on the border between Nepal’s Taplejung district and the Indian state of Sikkim. Kanchenjunga means a snowy land containing mines of five precious materials namely Kang (Snow), Chen (Big), Ju ( Store), Nga (five) materials such as salt , gold / coral, religious book/ property, weapons / bones and cereals/ medicinal herbs (Tibetan).
The five peaks of the Kanchenjunga range are Knachenjunga main (8,586 m.), Kanchenjunga West (8,505 m.), Kanchenjunga Central (8,482 m.), Kanchenjunga South (8,494 m.), and Kanbachen (7,903 m.).
Kanchenjunga
The huge Kanchenjunga massif is buttressed by great ridge running roughly east to west and north to south, forming a giant ‘X’. it surroundings are extended in the Kanchenjunga Conservatioon Area of Nepal to the West and the Kanchendzonga Biosphere extended Qomolunga Nature Preserve of Tibet (China) in the north with its geographical position at the junction of the three countries, the protected areas have been proposed as tri-national peace parl.
In 1854, Joseph Dalton Hooker, the famous British botanist, explored the surrounding of Kanchenjunga region. The first ascent to the peak was made by Joe Brown and George Bond on May 25, followed by Norman Hardoe and Tony Streather on May 26.
Kanchenjunga is accessible form the Suketar airstrip and the road head at Phungling Bazar in Taplejung District. Because of its remote location in the three countries, the Kanchenjunga region has remained largely unexplored by conventional trekkers and thus, has retained much of its pristine beauty.
Lhotse
Lhotse (8,516 m.), the fourth highest mountain peak in the world, is connected to Mount Everest at the south col. lying at the border between Tibet (China) and Nepal. Its range also includes Lhotse middle (8,414 m.), and Lhotse Shar (8,383 m.). Best known for its proximity to Mount Everest, it is a dramatic peak having the steepest south face that rises 3.2 km in only 2.25 km of Lhotse, also known as the Lhotse Face, is a 1125 m high wall of glacial blue ice. This face rises at 40 and 50 degree pitches with the occasional 80 degree bulges.


Makalu
Makalu
Makalu (8,463 m), the fifth highest mountain peak in the world lies on the border between Nepal and Tibet (China). It is a isolated peak that has a four-sided pyramid shape. It has two notable subsidiary peaks Makalu II also known as Kangchungtse (7,678 m), lying about 3km north-north west, and Chomolonzo (7,804 m) connected by a narrow, 7,300 m saddle.
Among the eight thousanders, Makalu is one of the tougher ones to climb, and is considered one of the most difficult climbs in the world. Its first ascent was made by Lionel Terray and Jean couzy of a French expedition on May 15, 1955 led by Jean Franco.
The mountain peak is a major landmark of the Makalu Barun National Park. It’s accessible from Tumlingtar airport.





Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu

Cho Oyu (8,201 m), (Turqurise Goddess” in Tibetan) is the sixth highest mountain peak in the world and lies 20 km west of Mount Everest at the border between China and Nepal. It is hust a few km east of Nagla la (5,716 m, a glaciated pass that serves as the main trading route between the Tibetans and Sherpa’s. Due to its proximity to the pass and the generally moderate slopes of the standard north-west ridge route, some climbers, considers Cho Oyu to be the easiest 8,000 meter peaks to be climb, and it is a popular objective for professionally guided expeditions. The first ascent was made by Austrians Joseph Jochler and Herbert Tichy along with Passang Dawa Lama (Nepal) on October 19, 1954.

Dhaulagiri

Dhaulagiri (8,167 m) (meaning ‘white mountain’ in Nepali) is the seventh highest mountain in the world. It is located north-west of Pokhara.
Dhaulagiri
The peak of Dhaulagiri and Annaurna rise 7000 m.  Over the Kali Gandaki river gorge in about 30 km of horizontal distance, The Dhaulagiri mountain system consists of sixpromine peaks ranging from Dhaulagiri VI (7,268 m) to Dhaulagiri I (8,167 m). Three peaks of Churen Himal – Main (7,385 m) East (7,246 m) and the Gurja Himal (7,193 m)






Manaslu

Manaslu
Manslu (8,163 m) (meaning ‘Mountain of spirit’ in Sanskrit) is the eighth highest mountain peak in the work and is located in the Gorkha district of Nepal. It is linked to the long ridges and valley glaciers offering feasible approaches from all directions. It towers steeply above the surrounding landscape. And is a dominant feature when viewed from afar.
Manaslu was first climbed on May9, 1956 by Toshio Imanishi and Gyalzen Norbu, members of a Japanese expedition.


Annapurna

Annapurna (8,091 m) is the tenth highest mountain peak in the world. The Annapurna range is a 55 km long massif with its highest peak, the Annapurna I (8,091 m). the five other prominent peaks are Annapurna II (7,937 m), Annapurna III (7,555 m), Annapurna IV (7,525 m), Gangapurna (7,455 m), and Annapurna south (7,219 m). The word ‘Anna’ means paddy or grains and ‘Purna’ means mound in Sanskrit.
Annapurna
Annapurna I was the first eight-thousander to be climbed. Maurice Herzong and Louis Lachenal of a French expedition reached the summit on June 3, 1950. It was the highest summit attained on earth for three years, until the first successful ascent of Mount Everest.

Machhapurchhare (6,993 m), also popularly known as the ‘Fishtail Mountain’ for its unique shape, is an important peak of the Annapurna range, though it is just below 7,000 m. 




List of more than 8000m highest Peaks in the world
Mountain peak
Range
Location
Height
ft.
m
Everest
Himalayas
Nepal/Tibet
29,035
8,850
K2 (Godwin Austen)
Karakoram
Pakistan/China
28,250
8,611
Kanchenjunga
Himalayas
India/Nepal
28,169
8,586
Lhotse I
Himalayas
Nepal/Tibet
27,940
8,516
Makalu I
Himalayas
Nepal/Tibet
27,766
8,463
Cho Oyu
Himalayas
Nepal/Tibet
26,906
8,201
Dhaulagiri
Himalayas
Nepal
26,795
8,167
Manaslu I
Himalayas
Nepal
26,781
8,163
Nanga Parbat
Himalayas
Pakistan
26,660
8,125
Annapurna
Himalayas
Nepal
26,545
8,091
Gasherbrum I
Karakoram
Pakistan/China
26,470
8,068
Broad Peak
Karakoram
Pakistan/China
26,400
8,047
Gasherbrum II
Karakoram
Pakistan/China
26,360
8,035
Shishma Pangma (Gosainthan)
Himalayas
Tibet
26,289
8,013



List of 7000m to 8000m peaks in the world
Mountain peak
Range
Location
Height
ft.
m
Annapurna II
Himalayas
Nepal
26,041
7,937
Gyachung Kang
Himalayas
Nepal
25,910
7,897
Disteghil Sar
Karakoram
Pakistan
25,858
7,882
Himalchuli
Himalayas
Nepal
25,801
7,864
Nuptse
Himalayas
Nepal
25,726
7,841
Nanda Devi
Himalayas
India
25,663
7,824
Masherbrum
Karakoram
Kashmir2
25,660
7,821
Rakaposhi
Karakoram
Pakistan
25,551
7,788
Kanjut Sar
Karakoram
Pakistan
25,461
7,761
Kamet
Himalayas
India/Tibet
25,446
7,756
Namcha Barwa
Himalayas
Tibet
25,445
7,756
Gurla Mandhata
Himalayas
Tibet
25,355
7,728
Ulugh Muztagh
Kunlun
Tibet
25,340
7,723
Kungur
Muztagh Ata
China
25,325
7,719
Tirich Mir
Hindu Kush
Pakistan
25,230
7,690
Saser Kangri
Karakoram
India
25,172
7,672
Makalu II
Himalayas
Nepal
25,120
7,657
Minya Konka 
Daxue Shan
China
24,900
7,590
Kula Kangri
Himalayas
Bhutan
24,783
7,554
Chang-tzu
Himalayas
Tibet
24,780
7,553
Muztagh Ata
Muztagh Ata
China
24,757
7,546
Skyang Kangri
Himalayas
Kashmir
24,750
7,544
Ismail Samani Peak 
Pamirs
Tajikistan
24,590
7,495
Jongsong Peak
Himalayas
Nepal
24,472
7,459
Pobeda Peak
Tien Shan
Kyrgyzstan
24,406
7,439
Sia Kangri
Himalayas
Kashmir
24,350
7,422
Haramosh Peak
Karakoram
Pakistan
24,270
7,397
Istoro Nal
Hindu Kush
Pakistan
24,240
7,388
Tent Peak
Himalayas
Nepal
24,165
7,365
Chomo Lhari
Himalayas
Tibet/Bhutan
24,040
7,327
Chamlang
Himalayas
Nepal
24,012
7,319
Kabru
Himalayas
Nepal
24,002
7,316
Alung Gangri
Himalayas
Tibet
24,000
7,315
Baltoro Kangri
Himalayas
Kashmir
23,990
7,312
Muztagh Ata (K-5)
Kunlun
China
23,890
7,282
Mana
Himalayas
India
23,860
7,273
Baruntse
Himalayas
Nepal
23,688
7,220
Nepal Peak
Himalayas
Nepal
23,500
7,163
Amne Machin
Kunlun
China
23,490
7,160
Gauri Sankar
Himalayas
Nepal/Tibet
23,440
7,145
Badrinath
Himalayas
India
23,420
7,138
Nunkun
Himalayas
Kashmir
23,410
7,135
Lenin Peak
Pamirs
Tajikistan/Kyrgyzstan
23,405
7,134
Pyramid
Himalayas
Nepal
23,400
7,132
Api
Himalayas
Nepal
23,399
7,132
Pauhunri
Himalayas
India/China
23,385
7,128
Trisul
Himalayas
India
23,360
7,120
Korzhenevski Peak
Pamirs
Tajikistan
23,310
7,105
Kangto
Himalayas
Tibet
23,260
7,090
Nyainqentanglha
Nyainqentanglha Shan
China
23,255
7,088
Trisuli
Himalayas
India
23,210
7,074
Dunagiri
Himalayas
India
23,184
7,066



List of 6100m to 7000m peaks in the world
Mountain peak
Range
Location
Height
ft.
m

Revolution Peak
Pamirs
Tajikistan
22,880
6,974

Aconcagua
Andes
Argentina
22,834
6,960

Ojos del Salado
Andes
Argentina/Chile
22,664
6,908

Bonete
Andes
Argentina/Chile
22,546
6,872

Ama Dablam
Himalayas
Nepal
22,494
6,856

Tupungato
Andes
Argentina/Chile
22,310
6,800

Moscow Peak
Pamirs
Tajikistan
22,260
6,785

Pissis
Andes
Argentina
22,241
6,779

Mercedario
Andes
Argentina/Chile
22,211
6,770

Huascarán
Andes
Peru
22,205
6,768

Llullaillaco
Andes
Argentina/Chile
22,057
6,723

El Libertador
Andes
Argentina
22,047
6,720

Cachi
Andes
Argentina
22,047
6,720

Kailas
Himalayas
Tibet
22,027
6,714

Incahuasi
Andes
Argentina/Chile
21,720
6,620

Yerupaja
Andes
Peru
21,709
6,617

Kurumda
Pamirs
Tajikistan
21,686
6,610

Galan
Andes
Argentina
21,654
6,600

El Muerto
Andes
Argentina/Chile
21,463
6,542

Sajama
Andes
Bolivia
21,391
6,520

Nacimiento
Andes
Argentina
21,302
6,493

Illampu
Andes
Bolivia
21,276
6,485

Illimani
Andes
Bolivia
21,201
6,462

Coropuna
Andes
Peru
21,083
6,426

Laudo
Andes
Argentina
20,997
6,400

Ancohuma
Andes
Bolivia
20,958
6,388

Cuzco
Andes
Peru
20,945
6,384

Toro
Andes
Argentina/Chile
20,932
6,380

Tres Cruces
Andes
Argentina/Chile
20,853
6,356

Huandoy
Andes
Peru
20,852
6,356

Parinacota
Andes
Bolivia/Chile
20,768
6,330

Tortolas
Andes
Argentina/Chile
20,745
6,323

Chimborazo
Andes
Ecuador
20,702
6,310

Ampato
Andes
Peru
20,702
6,310



Ref: NTB, Infoplease.com


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